The risk of climate change is universal but the poor are more vulnerable with worsening food security and exacerbating hunger in developing countries. Climate change is also likely to affect species distribution and increase the threat of extinction and loss of biodiversity.
The Second International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE, 2015-2020) built on the legacy of the first IIOE-1 (1959-65) seeks to advance our understanding of the dynamics of the Indian Ocean and allied scientific issues.
