Abstract: Heatwaves in India have evolved from seasonal anomalies to one of the country’s most pressing climate emergencies. While the meteorological understanding of heatwaves has advanced significantly, facilitating district-level forecasts and real-time monitoring, the institutional response remains uneven and often ineffective. Dr. K.J. Ramesh, former Director General of the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), discusses the nuances of heatwave categorization, local versus national recognition of disasters, scientific advancements in forecasting, and the challenges of policy compliance at grassroots levels. This conversation probes the intersections of science, governance, and socio-economic vulnerabilities, advocating for a shift from prediction to action.