India Profile: Seas and Ocean cover

Vol no. 11 Issue No. 67

Inside this issue

Ocean Science

The International Order on Oceans

By: M Sudhakar

An Indian Perspective This article details the steps that have been taken by India to safeguard its oceanic territories as well the ocean resources as per the guidelines and specifications laid down by the International Seabed Authority (ISA) over the years.

Seasonal Anoxia over the Western Indian Continental shelf

By: S Wajih A Naqvi and Hema Naik

Anoxia occurs when dissolved oxygen concentration in the water is zero, a level where most organisms cannot survive. The western Indian continental shelf which underlies the Arabian Sea becomes anoxic under certain conditions. This article delves into the phenomenon and the impact it has on the region.

Nitrogen and the North East Arabian Sea

By: R Ramesh

Nitrogen an essential macronutrient of the oceanic ecosystem, can limit the biological production if not available in a suitable form or concentration. This article looks at the role of nitrogen in the waters of the Arabian Sea.

Geoengineering and south Asia

By: Varun Dutt

Different approaches have been put forward over the years to understand the pros and cons of geoengineering - to deliberately manipulate the earth’s climate in response to climate change. In the current scenario however, more research is needed to find the ‘perfect’ elusive solution.

Contemporary sea level Changes

By: Anny Cazenave and Virendra M Tiwari

Sea level change research has become crucial to the debate of climate change. This article attempts to identify factors that have been linked to sea level changes across the world, the change measurements and the possible consequences with special reference to the Indian Ocean.

Mineral Wealth in the Indian ocean

By: Staff Reporter

The oceans are being looked upon as the next alternative source for metals. They are considered ‘warehouses’ for minerals - polymetallic nodules (ferromanganese nodules), phosphorites, hydrothermal sulphides, placer deposits and sand.

Coastal India

Coastal Regulation Zone 2011

By: Joseph Silvester Rauto De Souza

India promulgated the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) notification on 15 February 1991, which was subsequently amended several times. The latest change was made on 6 January 2011. Presented here are the highlights of the 2011 Regulation.

Sea Farming: A New Model for sustainable livelihood in Coastal India

By: Dinabandhu sahoo

In India, there is an urgent need to enhance the earning capacity of the people living along the coastal areas. Sea farming through large scale seaweed cultivation is being considered as an alternate and additional means of livelihood.

Climate change and Indian marine fisheries options for adaptation

By: B Meenakumari

Climate change can have a strong impact on fisheries with far-reaching consequences for food and livelihood security of a sizeable section of the population in India.

Ocean Update

By: Staff Reporter

The chief arms of the Indian Ocean are the Arabian Sea - with the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, and the Persian Gulf, the Bay of Bengal, and the Andaman Sea. Here is some news about the ocean and its seas.

India's Outdoors

Winter Magic at Dadri

By: M Tiwari

The ash lagoons of National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) at Dadri have become an avian habitat frequented in winter by hordes of migratory birds of a wide variety from far off lands.

Enigmatic Chhattisgarh

By: Staff Reporter

Nestled amidst the mountain ranges of Mekal, Sihava and Ramgiri and watered by numerous rivers - Mahanadi, Shivnath, Indravati, Hasdo and Kharun – Chhattisgarh owns an ancient cultural heritage that begins from the Stone Age.

In brief

Climate Change and Marine Research

The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) is a United Nations organisation specialising in ocean sciences. Listed here are some of the challenges that marine science needs to focus on in the coming years according to IOC. Global average temperature will increase by 2ºC - Research shou

Editor's Note

Dear readers, The seas, the Arabian and the Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean, hold untold wealth. It is time we treated our waters with respect and elevated their position from mere all purpose dumping stations. Beginning with overfishing and invasive species to the elimination of nurseries, the

Term Power

What is ...

Is a term used to refer to the unintentional capture of non-target species of fish, marine mammals, sea turtles, and seabirds related to fishing activities.

A coastal ecosystem that is partially enclosed, receives freshwater input from rivers or streams, is the transition zone between fresh and saline waters, and is subject to both marine influences such as tides and riverine influences such as sediment input.

Enrichment of a water body with nutrients, resulting in excessive growth of phytoplankton, seaweeds, or vascular plants, and often depletion of oxygen.

The smallest and geologically the most youthful of the three oceans. It stretches between Africa in the west, Australia in the east, Asia in the north, and Antarctic in the south. With an area of 73,440,000 sq km, it covers approximately one-seventh of the Earth’s surface.

Pelagic organisms that are free-swimming and so whose movements are independent of the tides, currents and waves. Such animals include fish, whales, squid, crabs and shrimps. The distribution of nekton is limited by temperature and nutrient supply and decreases with decreasing depth.

Refers to the plants and animals that live in the water column or in the open waters of the ocean rather than the ocean floor. Life is found throughout the pelagic zone, however it is more concentrated at shallower depths.

Microscopic, free floating, single-celled, photosynthetic algae that obtain their energy from the sun. They are the primary producers of almost all marine food webs.

A current of cold, nutrient-rich water rising to the surface. Upwellings are caused by strong seasonal winds moving surface coastal water out from the coast and leaving a space that the upwelling fills in. Many marine plants and animals live off this nutrient-rich water.