Abstract: India is one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world, home to hundreds of languages representing millennia of cultural evolution and indigenous knowledge . The National Education Policy 2020 (NEP) aims to harness and promote these diverse languages through the three-language formula (TLF). This article provides a comprehensive understanding of the challenges facing linguistic diversity in India, the critical role of mother tongue-based education, and the implications of the National Education Policy 2020 for language preservation. The insights offered underline the urgent need for institutional, technological, and community-based strategies to safeguard India’s endangered languages.