Fact sheet

Heatwaves in India have evolved from seasonal anomalies to one of the country’s most pressing climate emergencies. While the meteorological understanding of heatwaves has advanced significantly, facil...
The oceans, covering over 70 per cent of the Earth’s surface, have long been perceived as infinite reservoirs of resources. However, with the escalation of climate change impacts and pressures from hu...
Heatwaves are no longer episodic extremes but are increasingly becoming a structural feature of India’s climate landscape. Globally, nearly half a million people die each year from heat-related causes...
Arctic: The region spans the Arctic Ocean and covers land areas in parts of Canada, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the United States (Alaska). Antarctic: With no native popul...
1959 Antarctic Treaty: The legacy and the challenges Created in the midst of the Cold War five decades ago, the Antarctic Treaty provided a mechanism for governing the region. In the following years,...
India led its first scientific expedition to the Antarctic in 1981 and to the Arctic in 2007. India is thus, among the very few nations in the world to operate stations both in the Arctic and the Anta...
Arctic: The region spans the Arctic Ocean and covers land areas in parts of Canada, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the United States (Alaska). Antarctic: With no native population or permanent residents the Antarctic is occupied by a succession of visitors occupying the various scientific bases.
1959 Antarctic Treaty: The legacy and the challenges Created in the midst of the Cold War five decades ago, the Antarctic Treaty provided a mechanism for governing the region. In the following years, new issues such as fishing and tourism along with an expanded membership have transformed the politics of Antarctic and continue to provoke serious challenges to its governance.
India led its first scientific expedition to the Antarctic in 1981 and to the Arctic in 2007. India is thus, among the very few nations in the world to operate stations both in the Arctic and the Antarctic.